Why does cannabis make us so hungry?

Why does cannabis make us so hungry?

Most users are familiar with the intense hunger caused by cannabis, usually for sweets and fatty foods — even when the stomach is already full. This characteristic of the hemp plant is not only widely known but also deliberately used in medicine. But how is this feeling of hunger triggered?

The multifaceted hunger

What makes cannabis special is that it interacts with the body's own endocannabinoid system. The so-called cannabinoid receptors usually bind substances produced by the body itself and, for example, send pain-relieving signals after an injury. The THC found in most cannabis plants also binds to these receptors — specifically the CB1 receptors — and can therefore influence various effects. One major effect is hunger. The sense of smell is also affected: potential food smells more appealing and tastes better after cannabis consumption. In addition, the endocannabinoid system influences the release of dopamine and thus the brain's reward center, which further increases the craving for food. So the intense hunger comes from several combined factors.

How does cannabis trigger hunger?

In simple terms, cannabinoids trick the brain into thinking it’s been deprived of fuel, even though that’s not actually the case. This happens because the THC in cannabis causes the nerve cells — which would normally suppress hunger — to send opposite signals to the brain. Instead of feeling full, a strong sensation of hunger kicks in. The so-called POMC cells are normally active after eating when sober and suppress hunger as long as the stomach remains sufficiently full.

So THC doesn’t intensify regular hunger but rather reprograms certain brain cells — the body’s natural regulation is overridden during cannabis consumption. This is what causes the munchies.

Stopping the munchies

Basically, cannabis-induced hunger shouldn’t be viewed negatively. It has long been used in medicine to treat loss of appetite. In addition to its antispasmodic and pain-relieving properties, the hemp plant can help cancer patients during chemotherapy to absorb enough nutrients. However, the munchies can sometimes cause discomfort and unhealthy eating patterns — especially when used recreationally. But this doesn’t mean cannabis must be avoided. Choosing the right strain can help reduce hunger effects. The cannabinoid CBD works in opposition to the appetite-inducing THC and weakens it. Strains with high CBD content are therefore a good alternative. Dosage also plays a key role. Smaller doses tend to stimulate appetite, while higher doses may have the opposite effect and reduce hunger. This effect has also been observed in other aspects of cannabis. If unwanted hunger still occurs, small tricks can help: a drink may temporarily suppress hunger. Drinks containing caffeine also provide energy for completing other tasks. Engaging in distracting activities that keep the body active can also help resist false hunger. Alternatively, healthier snacks may be a good solution.

It’s also important to note that, on average, cannabis users are not heavier. Some studies even suggest they are less likely to be overweight. The famous cannabis munchies, therefore, do not generally have negative consequences.